Hotels and boarding houses.

Residential institutions.

Residential.

Planning applications are generally dealt with by the local planning authority. However, the First Secretary of State has the right to call-in an application (or an appeal) for his own determination. Some types of development must automatically be referred to the Secretary of State, for example, large retail schemes. Controversial or major developments are also often called in.

Current government policy seeks to reduce reliance on private cars. Car parking levels for all types of new development have been reduced.

Replaced by CLEUDs and CLOPUDs.

Planning permission is required for a change of use unless it falls within the same use class (for example, from light industrial to offices within use class B1) or it is allowed by the GDPO (for example, from A3 to A1).

Government publications explaining procedural matters.

A certificate issued by a local planning authority. It confirms the lawfulness of a use that has been carried out for ten years or works that have been in existence for four years, in each case without planning permission. Application has to be made to the local planning authority and may be granted, refused and appealed in a similar way to a planning application.

A certificate similar to CLEUD but relating to proposed use or works.

Local planning authorities may accept payment instead of on-site provision of certain facilities - for example, public open space or affordable housing.

Rights compulsorily to acquire property which acquiring authorities invoke, for example in order to assemble large urban sites. A lengthy process involving the making of a compulsory purchase order, a public inquiry and confirmation of the order by the First Secretary of State. The amount of compensation payable is determined by complex rules.

Frequently a developer will agree to buy land under a contract which is conditional on certain events, such as the granting of planning permission which is not subject to onerous conditions. Once the contract conditions are fulfilled, it becomes unconditional and the sale has to take place.

Planning permissions may be granted subject to conditions which must be "precise, necessary, reasonable and relevant to planning". If they are not, they can be appealed within six months. After six months, applications can be made to vary particular conditions.

An area, normally shown in the development plan, whose general character is to be preserved and enhanced. Demolition in a conservation area needs conservation area consent. The local planning authority will be much more prescriptive on issues concerned with external appearance.

Consent to demolish in a conservation area.

In court proceedings, the loser generally pays the winner's costs. This is not the case for planning appeals. Costs will only be awarded against a party that has acted unreasonably, for example, withdrawal of an appeal too late for an inquiry to be cancelled or late withdrawal of reason for refusal. Costs are not awarded in appeals dealt with by written representations.

An order confirming the compulsory purchase of land that is made by an acquiring authority and must be confirmed (usually after a public inquiry) by the Secretary of State.